Multiple Bar Diagram

What is a Diagram?

Statistics performs an important function by presenting a complex mass of data in a simple way that makes it easier to understand. Classification and tabulation are two techniques for presenting data in an understandable form. However, as the volume of data increases, it becomes increasingly inconvenient to understand, even after classification and tabulation. Thus, data is presented in the form of diagrams and graphs to enable the comparison of various situations and to understand the various patterns in the data at a glance. A diagram is a visual presentation of statistical data to highlight the basic facts and relationships inherent in the data. As a diagram attracts the attention of the viewer and helps to easily grasp the information, it is appreciated by everyone....

Types of Diagrams

Different types of diagrams can be used to present the data. The selection of the diagram is decided by the nature of the data, the objectives of the presentation, and the abilities and experience of the presenter....

A. One-Dimensional Diagrams or Bar Diagrams

One-dimensional diagrams are those that have only one-dimensional measurements, such as height or length....

1. Simple Bar Diagram

A diagram in which each class or category of data is represented by a group of rectangular bars of equal width is known as a Simple Bar Diagram. It is the simplest type of bar diagram. In this diagram, each bar represents one figure only. The number of bars will be equal to the number of figures. These diagrams show only one characteristic of the data, such as sales, production, or population figures for various years....

2. Multiple Bar Diagram

The Multiple Bar Diagram is used to compare two or more variables such as revenue and expenditure, import and export for different years, marks obtained in different subjects in different grades, and so on. It is often referred to as a Compound Bar Diagram. The method for creating multiple bar diagrams is the same as for creating a Simple Bar Diagram. However, to distinguish the bars from each other, different bars are differentiated by different shades or colours....

3. Sub-Divided Bar Diagram

In these diagrams, the bar corresponding to each phenomenon is divided into several components. Each part or component occupies a proportional part of the bar to its share in the total. For example, the bar corresponding to the number of students enrolled in a course can be further sub-divided into boys and girls....

4. Percentage Bar Diagram

A Percentage Bar Diagram is a sub-divided bar diagram that indicates the total percentage of each component rather than the magnitude. The absolute magnitudes of several components are presented using a subdivided diagram. These magnitudes can be converted into relative values by describing them as a percentage of the total....

5. Broken-Scale Bar Diagram

This diagram is used when the value of one variable is extremely high or extremely low in comparison to others. Larger bars may be broken to make space for the smaller bars of the series. Every bar has its value written on the top of the bar....

6. Deviation Bar Diagram

These diagrams are used to represent net changes in data such as net profit, net loss, net exports, net imports, etc....

B. Pie Diagram

A circle can be divided into parts to show the ratios of different components. A pie diagram is one such representation. Pie charts are also referred to as Angular Circle Diagrams. The circle is divided into as many sections as there are elements by drawing straight lines from the center to the circumference....