Overcrowding
Overcrowding is the condition in which more people are located within a given space than is considered tolerable from a safety and health perspective. It is caused by over migration in urban areas which leads to cities growing in population and getting crammed when it gets beyond its capacity. In this situation, people tend to compete over the limited and scarce resources such as electricity, water, transport, etc. According to United Nations, the urban population of the world has grown from 751 million in 1950 to 4.2 billion in 2018. In India, many metropolitan cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore are suffering from the problem of overcrowding.
Issues Related to Urbanization in India
Urbanization is a process of society’s transformation from a predominantly rural to a predominantly urban population. People move to urban areas in search of better job opportunities, health facilities, studies, and better growth in their life. It leads to an increase in the number of people living in urban settlements and an increase in the percentage of people engaged in non-agricultural activities.
Table of Content
- 1. Overcrowding
- 2. Unemployment
- 3. Slums and Squatter Settlements
- 4. Degradation of environmental quality
- 5. Health Problems
- 6. Transport problems
- 7. Sewerage Problems
- 8. Water problem
- 9. Trash problem
- 10. Higher Rates of Urban Crime
In India, over 35% of the population lives in urban areas, which is around 48 crore people and is increasing by 2.34% every year, and by 2030, over 50 per cent of India’s population is expected to live in urban areas. Public utilities like housing, sanitation, transport, electricity, water, health, and education are under heavy pressure because of Urbanization. However, urbanization has been an instrument of social, economic, and political progress, it has led to serious socioeconomic problems like poverty, unemployment, underemployment among the rural immigrants, thefts, dacoities, burglaries, beggary, and other social evils.