Short Answer Questions

(i) Name three states having black soil and the crop which is mainly grown in it.

Answer– 

Black Soil is most suitable to grow cotton and is also known as black cotton soil. Black soil is typical of the Deccan trap region that is spread over the northwest Deccan plateau and covers the plateaus of Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Malwa, Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh alongside also extending in the southeast direction along the Godavari and the Krishna valleys.

(ii) What type of soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast? Give three main features of this type of soil.

Answer-

Alluvial soil is found in the river deltas of the eastern coast, particularly in the deltas of the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna, and the Kaveri rivers. 

Three main features of Alluvial soil are:

• Alluvial soil is very highly fertile due to which regions of alluvial soils are intensively cultivated and densely populated.
• Soil contains an adequate proportion of potash, phosphoric acid, and lime which are ideal for the growth of sugarcane, paddy, wheat, and other cereal and pulse crops.
• The alluvial soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt, and clay.

(iii) What steps can be taken to control soil erosion in the hilly areas?

Answer-

To control soil erosion in hilly areas, people can resort to the following methods:

• Contour Ploughing: When plowed along the contour lines, water flow can be decelerated down the sloped which helps control soil erosion.
• Terrace Cultivation: Steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces which helps in controlling soil erosion
• Strip Cropping: Large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops as it breaks the force of the wind.
• Shelter Belts: Planting lines of trees to create shelter also works in a similar way. Rows of such trees are called shelter belts

(iv) What are the biotic & abiotic resources? Give some examples.

Answer-

Biotic Resources: Resources obtained from the biosphere and have life are called biotic resources. For eg: Plants, animals, human beings, etc.

Abiotic Resources: Resources composed of non-living things are said to be abiotic resources. For eg: Water, Soil, Wind, etc.

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