STL (Standard Template Library)
The Standard Template Library(STL) is a powerful feature in C++ that provides a set of general purpose classes and functions for data structures and algorithms. In C++ STL provides the following:
- Containers: It is a collections of objects, such as vectors, lists, and maps.
- Iterators: Iterators are objects that point to elements within a container.
- Algorithms: These are functions for performing operations on containers, like sorting and searching.
Example:
The below example demonstrates the usage of container in C++ STL.
// C++ program to demonstrate container in STL
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
// Initialize a vector of integers with some values.
vector<int> nums = { 5, 2, 8, 1, 9 };
// Sort the vector in ascending order using the standard
// library sort function.
sort(nums.begin(), nums.end());
// Print the sorted vector elements.
cout << "Vector Elements: ";
for (auto it : nums) {
cout << it << " ";
}
cout << endl;
// Find and print the maximum element in the vector
// using the standard library max_element function.
cout << "Max element: "
<< *max_element(nums.begin(), nums.end()) << endl;
return 0;
}
Output
Vector Elements: 1 2 5 8 9 Max element: 9
7 Essential C++ Concepts for Every Developer
C++ is a powerful, high-performance programming language used in a wide range of applications, from game development to systems programming. To master C++, it’s crucial to understand some key concepts that form the foundation of this language. In this article, we will learn seven such essential C++ concepts that every developer should know.
Table of Content
- 1. Pointers
- 2. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Principles
- 3. Overloading
- 4. STL (Standard Template Library)
- 5. Memory Management
- 6. Exception Handling
- 7. Concurrency