African Colonization: From Coast to Interior
In Africa, European presence initially focused on coastal trading posts, with the exception of South Africa, where Dutch settlers established permanent settlements. It wasn’t until the late nineteenth century that European powers ventured into the African interior. Subsequently, through a series of agreements, European countries partitioned Africa among themselves, paving the way for colonial domination and exploitation.
Chapter 6: European Imperialism| Class 11 History Notes
While the American empires of Spain and Portugal waned in the seventeenth century, other European powers, including France, Holland, and England, embarked on a trajectory of expansion and colonization across the globe. From the Americas to Africa and Asia, European nations sought to extend their trading activities and establish colonies, ushering in an era of imperialism.