Amide Structure
Amide group is a functional group that consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) linked to a nitrogen atom (N). The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom is delocalized into the carbonyl group. This forms a partial double bond between nitrogen and carbon.
The O, C, and N atoms have molecular orbitals. They are occupied by delocalized electrons, creating a conjugated system. Consequently, the three nitrogen bonds in amides are planar, unlike the pyramidal shape of amines. Amides can participate in hydrogen bonding with water and other protic solvents. They can act as both hydrogen bond acceptors and donors.
Amides
Amide is an organic compound. It is also known as an organic amide or carboxamide. It contains a carbonyl functional group that is bonded with a nitrogen atom. The simplest amide is a derivative of ammonia NH3, here one hydrogen atom is replaced by an acyl group.
In this article, we will define Amide, its types, structures, along with its properties.
Amide Functional Group |
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Nomenclature |
Amides are named by replacing the -oic acid or -ic acid ending of the parent carboxylic acid with -amide. For example, ethanoic acid becomes ethanamide |
Nature |
Neutral or very weak acids |
Appearance |
White crystalline solid |
Odor |
Ethanamide, a simple amide, is said to smell like mice. |
Density |
Generally, they are denser than water. |
Melting Point |
Amides have high melting points.
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Boiling Point |
Amides have high boiling points due to the presence of strong hydrogen bonds.
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Solubility |
Soluble in Water |
Table of Content
- What is Amide?
- Amide Structure
- Classifications of Amides
- Amide Bond
- Synthesis of Amide
- Amide Vs. Amine