Based on nutritional requirements
Essential Amino Acids
Amino acids cannot be made by the body and should be taken from other sources in the form of food. Without this body cannot synthesize proteins. So, we need to take food that is rich in essential amino acids. The best sources of amino acids are found in animal proteins like beef, poultry, and eggs. They can be easily absorbed and used by our bodies. Foods that contain all nine essential amino acids are called complete proteins. The 9 essential amino acids are Histidine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Threonine, Tryptophan, and Valine.
Essential Amino Acids with abbrev., Formula and Functions.
Amino Acids | Abbrev. | Formula | Functions |
---|---|---|---|
Valine | Val | C5H11NO2 | It promotes muscle growth. |
Leucine | Leu | C6H13NO2 | Helps in the synthesis of proteins and growth hormones. |
Histidine | His | C6H9O2N3 | It is used to produce histamine and synthesis in red and white blood cells. |
Isoleucine | Ile | C6H13NO2 | It as a vital role in transporting oxygen to various parts of the body from lungs. |
Lysine | Lys | C6H14N2O2 | This is a representative essential amino acid, that forms antibodies, and hormones. Becomes insufficient when we are on diet. |
Methionine | Met | C5H11NO2S | Methionine helps to produce compounds that are crucial for the body. They are used for the treatment of kidney stones. |
Phenylalanine | Phe | C9H11NO2 | This essential amino acid helps to produce different useful amines. It boosts memory power, |
Threonine | Thr | C4H9NO3 | It forms active sites of enzymes. |
Tryptophan | Trp | C11H12N2O2 | Tryptophan is useful to produce amines, vitamin B3, and serotonin hormones. |
Non-essential amino acids
An amino acid that can be made by the own body itself. A healthy body can create on its own. Non-essential amino acids are mainly synthesized from glucose and other biological sources within your cells. Diet plays an important role if it does not provide enough of them, the body cannot synthesis essential amino acids. Because of that, you must include them in the foods you eat. The nonessential amino acids include Alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine.
Non-Essential Amino acids with abbrev., Formula and Functions.
Amino Acids | Abbrev. | Formula | Functions |
---|---|---|---|
Arginine | Arg | C6H14N4O2 | It maintains the functions of blood vessels and other organs, maintaining a healthy immune system. |
Alanine | Ala | C3H7NO2 | It acts as an energy source for the liver. Production of glucose. |
Asparagine | Asn | C4H8N2O3 | It is close to the TCA cycle-place of energy generation, together with aspartic acid. Involves in development of nervous system. |
Aspartate | Asp | C4H7NO4 | It is present in asparagus in high amounts, a fast-acting energy source. Promotes the synthesis of other amino acids. |
Cysteine | Cys | C3H7NO2S | Cystine is an amino acid that can be deficient in infants. It acts as an antioxidant the acid antioxidant and gives resistance to the body. |
Glutamic acid or Glutamate | Glu | C5H9NO4 | Glutamate is a fast-acting energy source, involves in developing and functioning of the brain. |
Glycine | Gly | C2H5NO2 | It produces glutathione and porphyrin – a component of hemoglobin. Acts as a neurotransmitter. |
Glutamine | Gln | C5H10N2O3 | It maintains the functions of the gastrointestinal tract and muscles. Important in the synthesis of nucleic acids. |
Proline | Pro | C5H9NO2 | The main component of collagen. Regeneration of new skin. |
Serine | Ser | C3H7NO3 | Serine produces phospholipids and glyceric acid. Promotes muscle growth. |
Tyrosine | Tyr | C9H11NO3 | It produces amine and aromatic amino acids together with phenylalanine and tryptophan. Production of thyroid hormones. |
What are Amino Acids?
Amino Acids are essential for the human body. Amino acids are important in the formation of the structure of proteins. When a person eats foods that contain protein, the digestive system breaks down the protein into amino acids. The body then combines amino acids in various ways to perform physical functions. The body needs 20 amino acids to maintain good health and normal functioning. A healthy body can make only 11 amino acids on its own, but the other 9 amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body. The other 9 amino acids must be ingested from the other sources through food. A body that can make amino acids are called non-essential amino acids because it creates on its own. The amino acids which cannot make owned by the body are called essential amino acids because they are taken from other sources. Amino acids are an essential part of the functioning of various chemical and biological of our body. The different functions include transportation of molecules, building, and fixing of the tissues, development, and capability of enzymes, food digestion, and so on. These biomolecules are important elements for the development and advancement of individuals. There are around 300 amino acids that can be tracked down in nature. Be that as it may, just 20 amino acids are significant.