Branches of Evolution

There are various branches of evolution in which phylogenetic tree is very important.

1. Phylogenetic Tree

It is an evolutionary tree which shows the relationship between biological species with other species on the bsis of genetic and physical charactaristics. There are some types or properties of phylogenetic tree.

Types of Phylogenetic Tree

The following are the types of phylogenic tree:

1. Rooted tree: Rooted tree is composed of unique nodes (taxanomic unit) or rootes which are connected to their ancestors thus shows relationship between them.
2. Unrooted tree: These type of trees does not show any relationship between ancestor and species as their roots are not connected to ancestors.
3. Birfurcating tree: Rooted and unrooted tree can be of bifurcating or multifurcating types.
4. Labeled and unlabeled: Rooted and unrooted tree can be labeled as well as unlabeled. Labeled trees have specific values while unlabeled has not.
5. Enumerating tree: Every tree leaf node has assigned with specific number which depends upon type of tree.

2. Dendogram

These are common phylogentic trees. Any phylogentic tree can be called as dendogram.

3. Cladogram

Cladogram are the branching tree which do not represents any time or any character.

4. Phylogram

Phylograms are also branching trees but they do represents time and character relationship.

5. Dahlgranogram

It is the cross section of any phylogentic tree.

6. Spindle diagram

This type of diagram represents taxa on horizontal axis with time on verticle axis to describe the variation between taxas.

Also Read:

• Parapatric Speciation
• Difference Between Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation
• Phylogenetic Tree

Evolution is a biological process in which inherited traits of any individual or population start transforming or shifting from one generation to another. Evolution occurs through genetic drift and natural selection which causes evolutionary changes. These evolutionary changes can be prevalent in populations. To explain why organisms are suited to their physical and biological surroundings, Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace separately developed the idea of evolution by natural selection in the middle of the 19th century.