Causes of Partition of Bengal
Lord Curzon took over the position of viceroy of India on 30th December 1899. He was considered a capable and efficient administrator at that time. He planned and executed extensive roundabouts of the province of Bengal and felt that the province was too massively spread to be administrated efficiently. The earlier provincial Governors had already highlighted the issue of administrative challenges being faced by them in managing the large province. These challenges for the governance of the province owing to its size and big population paved the path for Partition. Quite a lot number of partition proposals were considered and discussed which, however, could not be implemented.
Lord Curzon, the viceroy of Bengal then, considered the issue too seriously and came up with the proposal of partitioning the Bengal province into two provinces. He designed and prepared a comprehensive, feasible plan for the partition of Bengal in 1905 and sent it to England for its overview and approval. The British Crown had immense trust in Lord Curzon approved the plan of the partition of Bengal into two provinces namely East and West Bengal.
Partition of Bengal 1905
During British Rule, Bengal was one of the largest areas covering provinces with a huge population of 78 million. This wide expanding area was making its administration problematic to govern. This huge province was under the Lieutenant Governor who could not look after the administrative needs, governance, and efficiency. The vastness of the province hindered the development of the backward areas as the Lieutenant Governor could not travel or take tours overall effectively. Owing to the vastness of the area and huge population density, it was suggested that province boundaries should be redrawn and parted into two landmasses for its effective administrative purpose and needs and this led to the Partition of Bengal, 1905.