Central Dogma – Translation
Translation is the process where the mRNA sequence is decoded to produce a specific protein. It occurs in the cytoplasm at ribosomes. The tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome according to the mRNA codons, and the amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide chain. Here are the steps.
Also Read: Protein Synthesis
Initiation |
The mRNA molecules bind the ribosomal subunits. tRNA works as an initiator of the process by carrying the amino acids and pairs with the mRNA. |
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Elongation |
In this step, successive tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome based on mRNA codons (DNA or RNA sequence of three nucleotides). The process creates peptide binds between the adjacent amino acids to perform the polypeptide chain synthesis. |
Termination |
When a stop codon reaches the mRNA, the process concludes. At this point, polypeptide chains get released from the ribosome. |
Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
The Central Dogma of molecular biology was given by Francis Crick. The Central Dogma of genetics explains how genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to proteins within living organisms. It is a framework that describes how genetic information flows within a biological system. The Central Dogma outlines the sequential steps through which genetic information is transferred within a cell. In this article, we are going to discuss the central dogma steps in detail with its functions and further discoveries related to it.
Table of Content
- What is Central Dogma?
- Central Dogma Steps
- Central Dogma – Replication
- Central Dogma – Transcription
- Central Dogma – Translation
- Functions of DNA and RNA in Central Dogma
- Modern Discoveries in Central Dogma
- Genetic Code