Characteristics and Physical Traits of Dog

Some of the characteristics of a dog are as follows:

Teeth

• Dogs have two sets of teeth. 28 deciduous teeth are replaced by 42 adult teeth by six to seven months.
• Incisors are used for chewing and nibbling, canines for tearing flesh, and premolars and molars for shearing and crushing.

Digestive System

• Dogs swallow food, which travels to the stomach for digestion by enzymes.
• The small intestines handle most digestion and absorption with the help of the pancreas and liver.

Skeletal System

• Dogs have 319 bones, though fewer if the tail is docked or missing.
• Muscles support half the body weight with upper body muscles more developed.

Senses

• Dogs have five senses similar to humans.
• Their sense of smell is particularly superior and is used for various tasks like finding missing people, locating harmful materials like gases that are invisible to humans.

Reproductive Cycle

• The reproductive cycle lasts about 18-21 days, with proestrus characterized by bloody discharge and slight vulva enlargement lasting around 9 days.
• Estrus follows with discharge lightening and vulva softening, indicating receptivity to mating for 3-4 days or 7-11 days.

Gestation

• Gestation lasts around 63 days, though it can vary depending on factors like fertilization timing.

Behavior

• Dogs are pack animals, preferring social interaction with humans and other dogs.

Territory and Range

• Dogs claim territory based on owner restrictions, while wolves have vast territories for hunting.
• In order to alert other animals of their presence, male dogs mark the limits of their territories by peeing and leaving their scent on the ground or on trees.

The scientific name of dog is Canis lupus familiaris. Dogs are domestic creatures with a predominance of carnivorous behaviour. The scientific name of dog helps in accurately identifying its species and understanding the evolutionary relationship with other members of the Canidae family. The dog’s closest living relative is the contemporary wolf, descended from extinct Pleistocene wolves. In this article, we will read about the scientific name of dog, taxonomic classification, and more.