Characteristics of Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
- Inter-Autonomous System Configuration: The main role of BGP is to provide communication between two autonomous systems.
- BGP supports the Next-Hop Paradigm.
- Coordination among multiple BGP speakers within the AS (Autonomous System).
- Path Information: BGP advertisements also include path information, along with the reachable destination and next destination pair.
- Policy Support: BGP can implement policies that can be configured by the administrator. For ex:- a router running BGP can be configured to distinguish between the routes that are known within the AS and that which are known from outside the AS.
- Runs Over TCP.
- BGP conserves network Bandwidth.
- BGP supports CIDR.
- BGP also supports Security.
Functionality of Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
BGP peers perform 3 functions, which are given below.
- The first function consists of initial peer acquisition and authentication. both the peers established a TCP connection and performed message exchange that guarantees both sides have agreed to communicate.
- The second function mainly focuses on sending negative or positive reach-ability information.
- The third function verifies that the peers and the network connection between them are functioning correctly.
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
The protocol can connect any internetwork of the autonomous system using an arbitrary topology. The only requirement is that each AS have at least one router that can run BGP and that is the router connected to at least one other AS’s BGP router. BGP’s main function is to exchange network reachability information with other BGP systems. Border Gateway Protocol constructs an autonomous systems graph based on the information exchanged between BGP routers.