Civil Courts in India
In India, civil cases are adjudicated by various levels of courts, each with its own jurisdiction and authority. Here are the main types of civil courts in India:
- District Courts:
- District Courts are the primary civil courts at the district level.
- They handle civil cases involving disputes related to property, contracts, family matters, and other civil issues within their respective districts.
- Each district in India typically has its own District Court, headed by a District Judge.
- High Courts:
- High Courts have original jurisdiction to hear civil cases of significant importance or complexity.
- They also function as appellate courts, hearing appeals from decisions of subordinate courts, including District Courts and lower civil courts.
- High Courts are established in each state and union territory, with the High Court of a state having jurisdiction over civil matters within its territorial limits.
- Civil Judge (Senior Division) Courts:
- Civil Judge (Senior Division) Courts are subordinate to the District Courts and handle civil cases of higher value or complexity.
- They have jurisdiction to hear civil suits involving substantial amounts of money or property.
- Civil Judge (Junior Division) Courts:
- Civil Judge (Junior Division) Courts are also subordinate to the District Courts but handle civil cases of lower value or complexity.
- They have jurisdiction over civil suits involving smaller amounts of money or property.
- Tribunals:
- Various specialized tribunals have been established in India to adjudicate specific types of civil disputes.
- Examples include consumer forums, labor courts, family courts, and revenue tribunals, each dealing with disputes falling within their respective areas of expertise.
- Debt Recovery Tribunals (DRTs):
- DRTs are specialized tribunals established to adjudicate cases related to the recovery of debts by banks and financial institutions.
- They have jurisdiction over matters concerning the recovery of non-performing assets (NPAs) and debt enforcement.
Civil Courts: Definition, Functions & Provisions
There are two types of law courts present in each district, one is the Civil Court and the other is the Criminal Court. In every state, besides the presence of the High Court, there are many judicial courts for the administration of justice, which function under the supervision and control of the high courts.
Let us learn more about civil courts in the article!
Table of Content
- Civil Courts
- Civil Court Case Status
- Civil Courts in India
- Civil Courts: Powers & Functions
- Types of Civil Courts
- Courts Hierarchy
- Civil Courts Provision
- Significance of Civil Courts
Civil Courts