Components of IP Security
It has the following components:
- Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)
- Authentication Header (AH)
- Internet Key Exchange (IKE)
1. Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP): It provides data integrity, encryption, authentication, and anti-replay. It also provides authentication for payload.
2. Authentication Header (AH): It also provides data integrity, authentication, and anti-replay and it does not provide encryption. The anti-replay protection protects against the unauthorized transmission of packets. It does not protect data confidentiality.
3. Internet Key Exchange (IKE): It is a network security protocol designed to dynamically exchange encryption keys and find a way over Security Association (SA) between 2 devices. The Security Association (SA) establishes shared security attributes between 2 network entities to support secure communication. The Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) and Internet Security Association provides a framework for authentication and key exchange. ISAKMP tells how the setup of the Security Associations (SAs) and how direct connections between two hosts are using IPsec. Internet Key Exchange (IKE) provides message content protection and also an open frame for implementing standard algorithms such as SHA and MD5. The algorithm’s IP sec users produce a unique identifier for each packet. This identifier then allows a device to determine whether a packet has been correct or not. Packets that are not authorized are discarded and not given to the receiver.
IP security (IPSec)
Pre-Requisite: Types of Internet Protocol
IP Sec (Internet Protocol Security) is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard suite of protocols between two communication points across the IP network that provide data authentication, integrity, and confidentiality. It also defines the encrypted, decrypted, and authenticated packets. The protocols needed for secure key exchange and key management are defined in it.