Continued Economic Growth and Calls for Democratisation
Following Park Chung-hee’s death, aspirations for democratization surged, but in December 1979, Chun Doo-hwan orchestrated another military coup. In May 1980, protests erupted across key cities, with students and citizens demanding democracy in opposition to Chun’s military regime. Martial law was imposed nationwide to quell the dissent, but in Gwangju, protesters persisted, leading to the Gwangju Democratization Movement. Despite their efforts, Chun’s regime suppressed the movement, and he assumed the presidency later that year through an indirect election under the Yusin Constitution.
Chun’s administration intensified efforts to suppress democratization influences to solidify its grip on power. Benefiting from the global economic upturn, Chun’s government achieved remarkable economic growth, urbanization, improved education, and media advancements. Consequently, citizens’ awareness of political rights increased, fueling demands for a constitutional amendment to enable direct presidential elections.
In May 1987, revelations of the torture-induced death of a university student sparked widespread outrage, igniting the June Democracy Movement. This movement drew participation not only from students but also the middle class, pressuring the Chun administration to amend the constitution and allow direct elections. Thus, a new era of Korean democracy commenced.
Continued Economic Growth and Calls| Class 11 History Notes
Following the death of President Park Chung-hee, South Korea found itself at a crossroads, torn between the legacy of authoritarian rule and the burgeoning desire for democratic governance. Let us learn more about continued economic growth and calls for democratisation!