Developer and Initial Development
Tim Berners-Lee, a British computer scientist, is credited with inventing the World Wide Web in 1989. As part of this invention, he developed the first version of HTML to create and navigate links between documents over the internet.
Early Versions and History
- HTML 1.0: The first version of HTML was used exclusively at CERN and was not officially documented.
- HTML 2.0: Released in November 1995, this was the first HTML standard that was officially documented and standardized by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). It included basic features for formatting text and embedding images.
- HTML 3.2: Introduced in January 1997 by the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium), this version added support for tables, applets, text flow around images, and other elements.
- HTML 4.0: Released in December 1997, it introduced the separation of structure and presentation (using CSS), improved support for multimedia, and included the ability to create more interactive forms.
XHTML
XHTML 1.0: Published in January 2000, XHTML is a reformulation of HTML 4.01 in XML. It enforced stricter syntax rules.
Modern HTML
- HTML5: Officially finalized in October 2014, HTML5 brought significant improvements, including new semantic elements (like <article>, <section>, <nav>, and <footer>), support for multimedia elements (<video> and <audio>), and new APIs for building complex web applications. HTML5 has been the most impactful version, integrating multimedia capabilities directly into the language and making third-party plugins like Flash less necessary.
- HTML5.1: Released in November 2016, it introduced refinements and new features to HTML5.
- HTML5.2: Published in December 2017, it further refined HTML5, adding new capabilities and improving interoperability.
Who developed HTML ?
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications. It was first developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990 while he was a contractor at CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research). Since its inception, HTML has undergone significant evolution to meet the growing demands of the web.