Difference Between Apomixis and Polyembryony
Apomixis and polyembryony are both phenomena related to plant reproduction, but they involve distinct mechanisms and outcomes:
Feature |
Apomixis |
Polyembryony |
---|---|---|
Type of Reproduction |
Asexual reproduction |
Can occur in sexually reproducing plants |
Mechanism |
Embryo develops without fertilization; involves parthenogenesis, adventitious embryony, or apogamy |
Multiple embryos develop from fertilized egg cells |
Genetic Diversity |
Offspring are genetically identical to parent plant |
Offspring may be genetically identical or diverse |
Occurrence |
Can occur in various plant taxa |
Can occur in a wide range of plant species and may be induced by genetic, developmental, or environmental factors |
Seed Development |
Seeds develop without pollination or fertilization |
Seeds typically develop after fertilization, with multiple embryos |
Reproductive Advantages |
Ensures genetic uniformity; bypasses the need for pollination and fertilization |
May increase genetic diversity; provides multiple offspring from a single seed |
Examples |
Certain species of grasses, dandelions, and citrus fruits |
Cycads, conifers, and various angiosperms |
Polyembryony – Types, Causes, and Importance
Polyembryony refers to the occurrence of multiple embryos developing within a single ovule, seed, or fertilized ovum, and it is observed in both animals and plants. Polyembryony can be influenced by environmental conditions and genetic factors. Environmental factors such as temperature, light, and nutrient availability can cause polyembryony in certain plant species. Polyembryony examples are seen in mango, citrus, and in gymnosperms.
Genetic factors, including specific gene mutations or variations, may also play a role in regulating polyembryony. In this article, we will look into the meaning, causes, types, examples, and significance of polyembryony.
Table of Content
- What is Polyembryony in Plants?
- Causes of Polyembryony
- Types of Polyembryony
- Polyembryony in Mango
- Polyembryony in Gymnosperms
- Examples of Polyembryony
- Difference Between Apomixis and Polyembryony
- Importance of Polyembryony in Plants