Difference Between Enantiomers and Diastereomers
Following are the differences between enantiomers and diastereomers based on characteristics:
Characteristic |
Enantiomers |
Diastereomers |
---|---|---|
Definition |
Mirror images that are not superimposable |
Stereoisomers that are not mirror images |
Chirality |
Opposite configuration at all stereocenters |
Different configuration at some stereocenters |
Number of Chiral Centers |
Same number and arrangement |
Same or different number and arrangement |
Relationship |
Non-superimposable mirror images |
Non-mirror image stereoisomers |
Physical Properties |
Identical except for optical activity |
May have different physical properties |
Optical Activity |
Equal magnitude, opposite direction |
Unequal magnitude or opposite direction |
Naming |
Designated as R or S (according to Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules) |
Assigned using cis/trans or E/Z nomenclature, not designated as R or S |
Example |
(R)- and (S)-2-chlorobutane |
(E)- and (Z)-2-butene |
Enantiomers
Enantiomers are pairs of molecules with identical chemical composition but non-superimposable mirror images. They exhibit different optical activities and interact uniquely with polarized light. Their distinctive spatial arrangements around chiral centers result in unique properties, notably in their interaction with light.
In this article, we will learn about the definition of an enantiomer, its properties, various examples of enantiomers, and the difference between enantiomers, chirality, stereoisomers, and diastereomers.
Table of Content
- What are Enantiomers?
- Structure of Enantiomers
- Chirality and Stereochemistry
- R and S Enantiomer
- Enantiomers vs Stereoisomers