Different Phases of the White Revolution in India
The White Revolution, implemented through Operation Flood, was a pivotal movement in India’s dairy sector, executed in three distinct phases. Each phase had specific objectives and strategies that contributed to the overall success of the program.
Phase I (1970-1980)
Funding Source: Financial support was primarily through the sale of butter oil and skimmed milk powder, which were donated by the European Union and sold under the World Food Program.
Urban Focus: The initial phase concentrated on improving the marketing of milk in metropolitan areas.
Duration: This phase extended over a decade, laying the groundwork for subsequent expansions.
Phase II (1981-1985)
Expansion of Network: The number of milk sheds increased substantially, from 18 to 136, and urban milk outlets expanded to about 290.
Growth in Production and Sales: There was a remarkable increase in milk production, with domestic milk powder production jumping from 22,000 tons in 1980 to 140,000 tons by 1989. Milk sales also saw a significant rise, thanks to the direct marketing efforts of cooperatives.
Cooperative Involvement: The phase involved over 4.25 million milk producers across 43,000 village cooperatives, emphasizing a self-sustaining system.
Phase III (1985-1996)
Strengthening and Expansion: This final phase focused on expanding and enhancing the capabilities of dairy cooperatives.
Infrastructure Development: Emphasis was placed on developing infrastructure to support the procurement and marketing of increasing milk volumes.
Legacy and Impact: By the end of Operation Flood, 73,930 dairy cooperatives were established, linking over 35 million dairy farmers. The impact of the White Revolution is evident in the numerous efficient cooperatives across India, contributing significantly to the prosperity of many villages.
Each phase of the White Revolution played a crucial role in transforming India’s dairy sector, leading to remarkable improvements in milk production, farmer empowerment, and rural development.
White Revolution In India – Verghese Kurien
The White Revolution in India, also known as “Operation Flood,” was a major development in the Indian dairy industry that transformed it into one of the world’s largest milk producers. This initiative, which started in the 1970s, was spearheaded by Dr. Verghese Kurien and aimed at creating a nationwide milk grid. It involved a series of programs to increase milk production, improve rural incomes, and provide fair prices for consumers.
Read below this comprehensive article to learn about the White Revolution in India, its history, phases, features, objectives, and significance.
White Revolution In India
Table of Content
- What is the White Revolution in India?
- History Of White Revolution India
- Indira Gandhi’s Inaugural Gesture (1970)
- Different Phases of the White Revolution in India
- Features of White Revolution in India
- Objectives Of White Revolution in India
- Significance of Operation Flood