East India Company Comes East
In 1600, the East India Company secured a charter from England’s ruler, Queen Elizabeth I, granting it exclusive trading rights in the East. Per the charter, the Company was authorized to navigate across oceans in search of new territories to procure goods at lower prices, subsequently selling them at higher prices in Europe.
The Portuguese had already established a stronghold on India’s western coast, centered in Goa. By the early 17th century, the Dutch began exploring trade prospects in the Indian Ocean, soon followed by the French.
All these trading entities were attracted to the same commodities, such as high-quality cotton, silk, pepper, cloves, cardamom, and cinnamon, which were in high demand.
The competition to secure markets often resulted in intense conflicts among the trading companies. Trade operations were frequently accompanied by armed confrontations, prompting the fortification of trading posts for protection.
CBSE Class 8 History Notes Chapter 2 – From Trade to Territory
Were you aware that the British initially arrived as a modest trading entity and showed reluctance in territorial expansion? So, how did they evolve into rulers of a sprawling empire?
This chapter delves into the transformation, detailing the ascent of the East India Company, the expansion of trade, the establishment of new business regulations, and significant events like The Battle of Plassey. These notes for CBSE Class 8 History, Chapter 2 – From Trade to Territory, provide students with the confidence to tackle their History exams effectively.