Economic Contexts

  • In the 1971 elections, Congress contested the election on the basis of poverty. The “Garibi Hatao” slogan became more popular at this time.
  • After the formation of the government, there was no such improvement happening in the country. The crisis in Bangladesh leads to lots of migration to India.
  • After the USA aid, industrial growth declined and the rate of unemployment became so high. The government froze the salaries of the employees which leads to further dissatisfaction.
  • The non-congress parties organized so many protests and it also increased the activities of the Marxists groups.

The Crisis of Democratic Order- Class 12 Political Science

Class 12 Political Science Chapter 6 The crisis of democratic order describes the situation between the government and judiciary. The chapter explains when the judiciary and the government beat each other’s opponents which also led to the Kesavananda Bharati Case. The chapter is divided so many major parts including the Background of the Emergency, the Declaration of Emergency, Different Controversies regarding the Emergency, and Politics after the Emergency.

In this article, we are going to discuss the Class 12 Political Science Chapter 6 which is entitled The Crisis of democratic order in detail.

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Background Of Emergency

Indira Gandhi became a popular political leader of Congress at this time. In this time the competition between the parties became more polarized. Their relationship with the opposition became more bitter. During this period, the relationship between the government and the judiciary faced more tension. The Supreme Court started to criticize the government for its new policies. The Congress party also started to make allegations on the judiciary and said that the court is the most conservative institution. As per the Congress party. the court became an obstacle at this time that was not with the government in applying the welfare programs....

Economic Contexts

In the 1971 elections, Congress contested the election on the basis of poverty. The “Garibi Hatao” slogan became more popular at this time. After the formation of the government, there was no such improvement happening in the country. The crisis in Bangladesh leads to lots of migration to India. After the USA aid, industrial growth declined and the rate of unemployment became so high. The government froze the salaries of the employees which leads to further dissatisfaction. The non-congress parties organized so many protests and it also increased the activities of the Marxists groups....

Gujarat – Bihar Movements and Some Others

In January 1974; so many students in Gujarat started the protest against the government due to the rising food prices. The major opposition also joined this movement and it became violent in Gujarat and Bihar. Congress was defeated very badly in the Gujarat assembly elections in 1975. The JP Narayan lead the student movement. In 1967, the Naxal Movement took place in the Naxalbari region of West Bengal under the Communist Party of India (Marxist). The Railways Strike took place in 1974 which was a nationwide protest. George Fernandes was the leader of the protest....

Conflict With Judiciary

Three major issues happened between the government and the judiciary. These issues were related to the constitution where the government and judiciary became the opponents. Here are the three reasons as mentioned below....

Declaration Of Emergency

On 12th June 1975, the Allahabad High Court declared that Indira Gandhi’s Lok Sabha contest was invalid. In its judgment, the high court clearly said that Indira Gandhi could not be the Prime Minister anymore and she could not be re-elected for the next six months as an MP. On 24th June, the Supreme Court of India granted a partial stay order on the High Court’s judgment. On 25th June 1975, Indira Gandhi recommended the President to impose a nationwide Emergency due to internal issues....

Lok Sabha Elections, 1977

Jayaprakash Narayan became the face of the restoration of democracy. The Janata Party ensured that if they came into power, they would ensure the divination policy would not be there in India anymore. The Congress Party was defeated by the Janata Party and secured only 154 seats. Morarji Desai became the new prime minister of India but he lost the majority in 18 months. In the freash lok sabha election of 1980, the Janata Party was defeated by Congress again....

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