Excretion
Excretion is the process by which organisms remove harmful metabolic wastes from the body. The mode of excretion is completely different in unicellular and multicellular organisms.
Excretion in Unicellular Organisms
Amoeba or other unicellular organisms excrete their waste material from the cell surface via diffusion. Amoeba or paramecium excrete waste via contractile vacuoles. The contractile vacuole fuse with the cell membrane and the waste material is exerted out.
Human Excretion System
Excretion in Plants
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Excretion in Human beings |
Excretion in plants |
| The main function of the human excretory system is to remove nitrogenous wastes such as urea from the body. | Plants also excrete various waste products during their life processes. |
| It includes a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra. | The waste products are excreted by plants in completely different forms than those of animals. |
| The main organ of the human excretory system is the kidney. Its main function is to remove excess water and nitrogenous wastes from the blood in the form of urine. | Plants release gaseous waste products such as carbon dioxide and water vapor at night and oxygen in the daytime through stomata in leaves and lenticels found in the stem. |
| Each kidney contains a large number of tiny filtration units called nephrons. | Plants get rid of excess water produced as waste during respiration by the process of transpiration. |
| Kidney failures can be managed by artificial kidneys. It is a device used to remove nitrogenous waste products from the blood through dialysis. | Some plants store waste substances in the cellular vacuoles and in tissues with dead cells, e.g., in the heartwood. |
Also Read: Excretion in Plants
CBSE Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 5 Life Processes
The process that all living organisms perform to maintain their life is called life processes. Living creatures must keep repairing and sustaining their structures. Different maintenance functions are required to regulate the proper functioning of a body. Thus, the process which maintains the body’s functions and is necessary for survival are called life processes. Let’s have an overview of all these life-maintaining processes which describe the qualities of organisms, whether alive or not.