Biological Classification
Q1: What are the Commercial Applications for Heterotrophic Bacteria and Archaea?
Answer:
Heterotrophic Bacteria: They help with nitrogen fixation, ammonification and nitrification. In addition, Rhizobium bacteria, they maintain soil fertility. Other members produce dairy products such as cheese and cottage cheese. Archaebacteria: Methanogens in animal feces produce biogas.
Q2: Write Some Plant like and Animal-like Features of Euglena.
Answer:
Plant-like features are:
- Euglena has plastids which help in photosynthesis
- Some of the species of euglena have carotenoid pigments, which give it red colour
Animal-like features are:
- Euglena doesn’t have a cell wall
- Flagella are present for locomotion
Q3: What Function Do Fungi Play in Our Daily Lives?
Answer:
Mushroom and yeast are the most useful fungi. Mushrooms are edible and are a good source of proteins. Yeast is used to make bread and cheese. Penicillium fungi is used to produce antibiotics.
Biological Classification
Notes for NCERT Class 11 Chapter 2 Biological Classification: Biological classification is the process by which biologists group living organisms which, are classified on the basis of their similarity. Classification is essential for the convenient study of living organisms. It is required to identify different varieties of organisms. It helps in the correct identification of many organisms. It leads to the evolution of organisms. It also establishes phylogenetic relationships among organisms. Carolus Linneuas was one of the scientists to classify organisms.
NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 02 Biological Classification: The practice of classifying organisms based on shared characteristics is known as biological classification. Linnaeus proposed two areas of classification. He divided organisms into two kingdoms: the animal kingdom (Animalia) and the plant kingdom (Plantae). The classification of the two kingdoms had some disadvantages, such as the impossibility of distinguishing between eukaryotes and prokaryotes, unicellular and multicellular species, and photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic organisms. As a result, the field continued to grow and served as a primary example of R.H. Whittaker’s classification of the five domains or kingdoms.