Function of Kidney

The kidney diagram makes it easier to understand its structure and hence functions. Function of kidney are given below:

• Filtration of Blood: Filtration is the primary function of the kidneys is to filter waste products, excess ions, and water from the bloodstream.
• Regulation of Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: Kidney helps in regulating the balance of water, electrolytes (such as sodium, potassium, and calcium), and pH levels in the body. They ensure that the concentration of these substances remains within a narrow range.
• Blood Pressure Regulation: The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. They release the enzyme renin in response to low blood pressure, leading to the production of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that helps raise blood pressure.
• Erythropoiesis Regulation: The kidneys produce and release erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow. This process, known as erythropoiesis, helps maintain adequate oxygen delivery to tissues throughout the body.
• Acid-Base Balance: The kidneys help regulate the body’s acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate ions. This process helps maintain the blood’s pH within a narrow range, ensuring proper physiological function.
• Excretion of Metabolic Waste Products: The kidneys remove metabolic waste products, such as urea and creatinine, from the bloodstream and excrete them in the urine. This detoxification process is essential for maintaining overall health and preventing the buildup of harmful substances in the body.

The diagram of kidney helps us understand the kidney parts, structure, and functions. The kidney is present on both side of the spine under the lower ribs. The kidney structure and function are essential for filtering blood, removing waste, regulating electrolytes, and maintaining fluid balance in the body. The diagram of kidney class 10 is an important diagram for board examinations.

The well-labeled diagram of kidney is shown below: