Functions of Bones
Bones perform various metabolic, synthetic, and mechanical functions essential for overall health and body function. Functions of bones in human body are explained below:
Metabolic Functions of Bones
- Mineral Homeostasis: Bones store essential minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, regulating their levels in the bloodstream. When blood levels are low, bones release minerals to maintain balance.
- Hematopoiesis: Bone marrow, located within certain bones, is the site of hematopoiesis, the process of blood cell formation. Red bone marrow produces red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, essential for oxygen transport, immune function, and blood clotting.
Synthetic Functions of Bones
- Bone Formation (Osteogenesis): Osteoblasts, specialized bone-forming cells, synthesize and deposit new bone tissue during growth, repair, and remodeling processes. They secrete collagen and other proteins that form the organic matrix of bone, which is later mineralized with calcium and phosphorus.
- Matrix Remodeling: Osteoblasts and osteoclasts work together to remodel bone tissue. Osteoblasts deposit new bone matrix, while osteoclasts remove old or damaged bone tissue. This dynamic process maintains bone strength and integrity, repairs microdamage, and adapts bone structure to mechanical demands.
Mechanical Functions of Bones
- Support and Structure: Bones provide structural support for the body, serving as a framework for muscles, tissues, and organs. They give the body its shape and rigidity, supporting posture and movement.
- Protection: Bones protect vital organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs from injury or trauma. For example, the skull protects the brain, and the rib cage shields the heart and lungs.
- Facilitating Movement: Bones in coordination with joints and muscles, enable movement and locomotion. Skeletal muscles attach to bones via tendons, allowing for coordinated movement and mobility.
Bone Anatomy – Functions, and Types
Bones are essential organs of the skeletal system in vertebrates, providing structural support and protection to internal organs. They also facilitate movement, blood cell production, and mineral storage. Bones in the human body are made of bone tissue, cartilage, marrow, blood vessels, and nerves.
Each bone has a specific function and shape. Bone growth and remodeling occur throughout life. These processes are regulated by ossification and bone resorption. Let us discuss bones, their structure, function, and more in detail.
Table of Content
- What is Bone?
- Morphology and Structure of Bones in Human Body
- Cells of the Bone
- Types of Bones
- Functions of Bones
- What is Bone Resorption and Bone Remodelling