Gut Hormones

Influence of Hypothalamus on Food Intake

Hypothalamus is a special component present in the human body. The size of the Hypothalamus in the human body is a nearly similar size with an almond. Every animal has the Hypothalamus in their Central Nervous System (CNS). This special component belongs to the brain part of the CNS. As this gland is attached to the brain that is the reason, it is considered a component of the brain. Hypothalamus is just present below the thalamus gland in the skull. The Hypothalamus is considered the main commanding region for hormonal secretion. The pituitary gland works with the help of the Hypothalamus. Hypothalamus has its role in the food intake process....

Types of Hypothalamic Nuclei For Food Intake Process

In Hypothalamus, there are several numbers of the nucleus are present. Those nuclei are responsible for controlling different emotions. Like some nuclei are responsible for the thirst control process. Some nuclei control the sex involvement process. Like those, there are some nucleus are present that helps in the food intake process. Those can be differentiated into three categories. Each of them is dependent upon the other. Together they help to control the overall food intake process....

Importance of Hormone Regulation in the Food Intake Process

In the food intake process, the necessity of hormonal regulation is very important. The need for food in the body is transferred to the Central Nervous System with the help of the hormone. Hormones are implemented here as the chemical operator. These operators help to trigger the process of food intake. If the hormonal regulation process is not present in the body, then there will be a complete mess. The body can’t able to identify whether there is a need to take food or not. In those cases, a body might go through a starvation period of the misinterpreting process. Or might be the body can eat more food than necessary. This might bring obesity. So, any extreme ending is not fruitful for humans. So, there is a need to balance. And hormonal regulation performs this balancing factor in a good manner....

Types of Hormones Regulated Food Intake Process

Now, all these nuclei & centers rely upon each other with the help of communication. But as there is no proper means to communicate is present, the communication is done with the help of chemicals. And here, the chemicals are hormones. Each & every specific hormone influences the food intake process. They act upon any of the centers to influence the process. So, there will be three categories based on the centers. In each & every center there will be two types of hormones. One hormone will increase the food desire & another one will decrease it....

Peripheral Regulators of Appetite

The peripheral regulation of the appetite is mainly controlled by hormones. There are several hormones are present in the abdomen that controls the appetite of any individual. Apart from the satiety signal to the brain, the abdomen also helps in this process. When the stomach is about to be empty, then the motor signal goes to the brain & the overall process starts there. But apart from that, there are some hormones present, that help in controlling the appetite....

Pancreatic Hormones

Insulin Hormone: It is one of the major hormones that is produced by the pancreas of the body. In the pancreas, there are many types of cells are present. Among them, the insulin secretes from the B-Cell. Insulin is mainly from the Peptide category where it has 51 amino acids. Insulin has an important role in maintaining the appetite. Insulin is responsible for reducing the body’s glucose. It helps to store the glucose in the body as the fat format. Also, it stores glycogen in the liver. When there is a need to have extra energy in the body, these fats get discovered & produced more energy. Glucagon Hormone: It is another important hormone that is secreted from the pancreas. Among many other cells in the pancreas, it secretes from the A-Cells. Glucagon hormone is also a peptide hormone. This hormone has 29 amino acids chain in it. the working of the glucagon is completely different from the Insulin. It helps to burn the glucose present in the body. And using that process will help to produce more energy in the body. Insulin & glucagon combined define the appetite of an individual. Somatostatin Hormone: This hormone is also secreted from the pancreas. It is also considered as the Peptide hormone with 14 amino acids chain. It is mainly secreted from the D-Cell of the pancreas. This hormone acts on the stomach & helps in the digestion process. It slows down the digestion process. It also reduces the effect of HCL secretion in the stomach. This hormone can acts upon the intestine also. Using paracrine signaling, this hormone can reduce the power of the insulin hormone....

Gut Hormones

Gastrin Hormone: It is one of the significant hormones that is used in the digestion process. It can be classified into two categories. They are Big Gastrin & Small Gastrin. Both of them are secreted from the gastric antrum and duodenum in the intestine. The main goal of this hormone is to regulate the secretion of gastric acid. Gastrin also helps to stimulate the intrinsic factor and secretin in the body. This hormone is also used to increase the inner mucous layer in the stomach. It helps to increase gastric and intestinal motility. Secretin Hormone: It is another important hormone that is secreted from the Duodenum and jejunum of the intestine. It also helps to digest the food by increasing some factors. And last, it helps to grow more hunger in the body. It helps to increase the stimulation of the pancreatic acid secretion process. It helps to reduce Gastrin. It reduces the effect of Gastrin. And along with that, gastric acid secretion is also reduced in this case. Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide (VIP) Hormone: The VIP hormone is not directly secreted from the intestine or the wall of the intestine. It is secreted from the Enteric nerves of the intestine. The main goal of this hormone is to act upon the walls of the intestine. And it helps to expand the walls to secrete more other hormones if it is necessary. It helps to expand the muscles of the Gut, and blood vessels to increase the permeability of the water whenever it is necessary....

FAQs on Hormones Regulated Food Intake Process

Question 1: Which Central Nervous System component knows as the “Hunger Controller”?...