Handle Large Numbers in C++
To store integers of different sizes, C++ offers built-in data types like int, long, and long long. Following are the range of values that can be stored in these data types:
int : -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
long : -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647
long long: -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807
Overflow and underflow problems can arise when working with numbers that are outside of the built-in types’ range, causing unexpected behavior in applications. The long long data type has a larger range than the regular int and long types however this range can still be insufficient for certain applications that require even larger numeric values.