How to Calculate pH of Solution?

Understanding how to calculate the pH of a solution is fundamental in chemistry and is essential for various applications. So here, we will see about pH and cover various methods to calculate the pH of different solutions.

Using a pH Meter

We can calculate the pH of a solution with the help of a pH meter using the steps below:

Step 1: Calibrate the pH Meter: Before measuring the pH meter is calibrated using buffer solutions of known pH.

Step 2: Immerse the pH Electrode: Place the clean electrode into the solution.

Step 3: Read the pH: The pH meter will display the pH of the solution.

Using pH Indicators

We can calculate the pH of a solution with the help of a pH indicators using the steps below:

Step 1: Select the indicator: Choose an appropriate indicator based on the expected pH range of the solution.

Step 2: Add Indicator: Add a few drops of the indicator to the solution.

Step 3: Observe color change: The color change will indicate the approximate pH of the solution based on the indicator’s color chart.

Calculation of pH from Concentration

If you know the concentration of H⁺ ions you can calculate pH using:

pH = – log₁₀[H⁺]

Common pH Ranges

• 0-6.9 Acidic
• 7 : Neutral
• 7.1 -14 : Basic or Alkaline

Remember, pH is a logarithmic scale, so each whole pH value below 7 is 10 times more acidic, and each whole pH value above 7 is 10 times more basic.

pH of a solution is a measure of how acidic or basic it is. It is measured in a scale of 0 to 14. pH or Potential of Hydrogen is a crucial measure in chemistry used to indicate the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It measures the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in a solution. Understanding pH is essential in various fields, from chemistry and biology to environmental science and healthcare.

In this article, we are going to study about pH and cover various methods to calculate the pH of different solutions.