Human Kidney

Human kidney is the vital organ which is responsible for filtering waste products and excess substances from the body to produce urine. Kidney are present on both side of the spine in the lower back regio. These bean-shaped organs play a crucial role in filtering waste products and excess substances from the bloodstream to produce urine. Nephron is the main functional unit of kidney. Each kidney contains about a million functional units of nephrons, consisting of a renal corpuscle and renal tubule.

Blood enters the kidney through the renal artery, where it undergoes filtration in the nephrons. Waste products and excess ions are removed, while essential substances like glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed into the bloodstream. The purified fluid, now called urine, travels through the renal tubules and is eventually collected in the renal pelvis before being transported to the bladder via the ureter.

Kidney regulates blood pressure by secreting hormones like renin, which helps in controlling blood volume and vasoconstriction. They also produce erythropoietin, stimulating red blood cell production in the bone marrow, and activate vitamin D for calcium regulation. Overall, the kidneys are essential for maintaining proper fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and overall metabolic stability in the body.

Also Read: Mechanism of Urine Formation

The diagram of kidney helps us understand the kidney parts, structure, and functions. The kidney is present on both side of the spine under the lower ribs. The kidney structure and function are essential for filtering blood, removing waste, regulating electrolytes, and maintaining fluid balance in the body. The diagram of kidney class 10 is an important diagram for board examinations.

The well-labeled diagram of kidney is shown below: