Ideal Solution

The simplest definition of an ideal solution is a homogeneous solution in which the interactions between molecules of components (solute and solvents) are exactly the same as the interactions between molecules of each component itself. At practically all concentrations and temperatures, these solutions obey Raoult’s Law.

Characteristics of Ideal Solution

A perfect solution can be created by combining a solute and a solvent with matching molecular structures and sizes. When we mix two substances, X and Y, we can see that there are various intermolecular forces between them. As an example

• Intermolecular forces of attraction exist between X and X.
• Intermolecular forces of attraction exist between Y and Y.
• Intramolecular forces of attraction exist between X and Y.

When the intermolecular forces of attraction are the same or equal in this case, we get an ideal solution.

An ideal solution is a mixture in which molecules of different species can be distinguished; however, unlike the molecules in an ideal gas, the molecules in an ideal solution exert forces on one another. A solution is said to be perfect when those forces are the same for all molecules regardless of species.