Important Terms of Proportional Integral Derivative Controller
Here is an explanation of the three terms :
1. Proportional Action
- Role: The P term responds to the current error by generating a control action proportional to the error magnitude.
- Effect: It provides immediate corrective action to reduce the error. A higher Proportional value results in a stronger and quicker response but may lead to overshoot and oscillations.
2. Integral Action
- Role : The I term or Integral term actuates the past error over time and generates a control action to eliminate the accumulated steady-state error.
- Effect : It ensures that even small errors are eventually corrected. It eliminates offset but can lead to sluggish responses and overshooting if too aggressive.
3. Derivative Action
- Role : The D term predicts the future error trend by the rate of change of the error.
- Effect : It adds a dumping effect, reducing oscillation and overshooting caused by rapid changes in error.
Proportional Integral Derivative Controller in Control System
A proportional Integral Derivative controller also called a PID controller, is a widely used feedback control mechanism in industrial automation. It aims to regulate a process variable by adjusting a manipulated variable based on the error between the set point and the actual process variable.
Table of Content
- What is a Proportional Integral Derivative Controller?
- Mathematical Expression of PID Controller
- Block Diagram of PID controller
- Working of PID controller
- Tuning of PID controller
- Advantages and Disadvantages of PID controller