Industrial Pollution and Environmental Degradation

Industries are responsible for four types of pollution: Air, Water, Land, and Noise.

Air Pollution: The high concentration of sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide causes air pollution. Smoke is emitted from chemical and paper factories, brick kilns, refineries, smelting plants, and the burning of fossil fuels. Toxic gas leaks can be hazardous in long run.

Water Pollution: It is caused by organic and inorganic industrial wastes and effluents discharged into rivers. Fly ash, phosphor-gypsum, and iron and steel slags are major solid wastes in India.

Thermal Pollution: Hot water from factories and thermal plants is drained into rivers and ponds before cooling. Cancers, birth defects and miscarriage can be caused by wastes generated from nuclear power plants.

Noise Pollution: Noise pollution can cause irritation, anger, and hearing impairment, and increase heart rate and blood pressure among physiological effects. Industrial and construction activities, generators, and so forth.

Control of Environmental Degradation 

Pollution of fresh water can be reduced by 

1. Minimizing the use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it.
2. Harvesting rainwater.
3. Treating hot water and effluents before releasing them into rivers and ponds.

Smoke can be reduced by using oil or gas instead of coal in factories. Generators can be fit by silencers. The challenge and requirement of sustainable development can be achieved by sustainable development with environmental concerns.

Importance of Manufacturing Industries: Manufacturing industries are described as the backbone of development in general and economic development in particular; mainly because these industries not only help in modernizing agriculture but also reduce the heavy dependence of people on agriculture by providing them jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.

The manufacturing industries convert raw materials into finished products. It makes use of machinery or labor to manufacture the finished goods. The economic prevalence and stand of the nation are measured by the development of manufacturing industries. Industrial development is an important precursor for the eradication of poverty and unemployment in our country. Industries are important to bring down regional disparities by establishing industries in tribal and other backward areas.

We know that India is an agricultural country and the growth that we see in manufacturing industries has modernized farming and it also helped in reducing the heavy dependency of people. Due to this, many employment opportunities were generated. In short, we can say that agriculture and industry both benefit from each other. Now India has agro-based industries in large numbers and agriculture plays an important role in the expansion of manufacturing industries. As manufacturing industry helps the farmer by providing different farming machines, equipment, and more.

Manufacturing is the process of turning basic materials into more valuable commodities in big quantities. Manufacturing industries in the secondary sector are those that produce finished goods from raw materials.

Manufacturing industry are critical to a country’s overall, and especially its economic development. The expansion of a country’s manufacturing industries is used to gauge its economic strength.