Kalibangan Overview
Here’s a simplified tabular overview of Kalibangan, an archaeological site from the Harappan Civilization:
| Aspect | Information |
|---|---|
| Location | Hanumangarh district, Rajasthan, India |
| Period | Approx. 3500–1750 BCE (Early to Mature Harappan Phase) |
| Discovery | 1953 by Luigi Pio Tessitori, an Italian Indologist |
| Excavation | Conducted by B. B. Lal in the 1960s and 1970s |
| City Layout | Divided into two parts: the citadel (higher area) and the lower town; evidence of advanced urban planning |
| Fortifications | Presence of defensive walls and bastions |
| Artifacts | Terracotta figurines, pottery, seals, beads, copper tools, and jewelry |
| Fire Altars | Discovery of fire altars suggests possible ritualistic activities |
| Trade and Economy | Engaged in trade with Mesopotamia; evidence of agricultural practices and craftsmanship |
| Decline and Abandonment | Declined around 1750 BCE; reasons uncertain, possibly environmental changes or shifts in trade routes |
This table provides key information about Kalibangan, covering aspects such as its location, historical period, discovery, excavation, city layout, fortifications, notable artifacts, evidence of fire altars, economic activities, and the uncertain factors related to its decline and abandonment.
Kalibangan: Indus Valley Civilization
The interesting archaeological site at Kalibangan, located in Rajasthan, India, provides insights into the workings of one of the world’s oldest urban cultures—the Harappan Civilization. The ancient Harappan people’s life and times are revealed through the rich tapestry of features found at Kalibangan, which was discovered in 1953 and thoroughly excavated in the years that followed.
In this article, we will learn about Kalibangan: Harappan Civilization in depth.