List of 78 Organs in the Human Body Name
The major 78 organs are listed in the following table on the basis of different system:
Digestive System
The digestive system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients that the body can absorb and use for energy and growth. It consists of various organs, including the stomach, small intestine, and liver, each with specific roles in the digestion process.
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Mouth |
Entry point of the digestive system, where food is chewed and mixed with saliva to begin the process of digestion. |
Pharynx |
Throat region that serves as a pathway for both air and food, directing food to the esophagus during swallowing. |
Esophagus |
Muscular tube connecting the throat to the stomach, transporting chewed food from the mouth to the stomach |
Digestive organ that stores and breaks down food using gastric juices, producing chyme before it passes to the small intestine |
|
Mesentery |
Fold of tissue that suspends the small intestine from the back of the abdominal wall, providing support |
Long, coiled tube where most digestion and nutrient absorption occur, consisting of three parts: the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. |
|
Large Intestine |
Absorbs water and salts from undigested material, forming feces before elimination. |
Detoxifies chemicals, produces bile for fat digestion, stores glucose, and performs various metabolic functions. |
|
Gall Bladder |
Stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver, releasing it into the small intestine to help in fat digestion. |
Produces digestive enzymes and hormones such as insulin, regulating blood sugar levels and aiding in digestion. |
|
Anus |
Opening at the end of the digestive tract where feces are expelled from the body during defecation |
Colon |
Absorbs water and salts from undigested food, forming and storing feces before elimination. |
Respiratory System
The respiratory system is responsible for oxygenating the body and removing carbon dioxide through breathing. It includes organs such as the lungs, trachea, and bronchi, facilitating gas exchange with the bloodstream.
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Nose |
Primary organ for smelling and breathing, containing hair-lined passages that filter the air we breathe. |
Pharynx |
Serves as a passage for both air and food, connecting the mouth and nasal cavity to the esophagus and larynx |
Larynx |
Present in the throat and contains the vocal cords, essential for speech and preventing food from entering the airway. |
Trachea |
Tube-like structure that carries air to and from the lungs, protected by C-shaped cartilage rings. |
Bronchi |
Two branches of the trachea that lead to the lungs, where they further divide into smaller tubes called bronchioles |
Lungs |
Main organs of the respiratory system, responsible for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide with the blood during respiration. |
Circulatory System
The circulatory system, composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, is responsible for transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products throughout the body.
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Heart |
The organ that pumps blood throughout the body, supplying oxygen and nutrients. |
Arteries |
Blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to various parts of the body. |
Veins |
Blood vessels that transport oxygen-poor blood back to the heart from different body tissues. |
Capillaries |
Tiny blood vessels where the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products occurs between blood and tissues. |
Nervous System
The nervous system coordinates body functions and responds to internal and external stimuli through nerve signals transmitted between the brain, spinal cord, and nerves.
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Brain |
Central organ of the nervous system responsible for controlling thoughts, sensations, movements, and vital functions. |
Spinal Cord |
Spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nerves that extends from the brainstem to the lower back, serving as a pathway for transmitting messages between the brain and the rest of the body |
Nerves |
Nerves are bundles of fibers that transmit electrical impulses between the brain, spinal cord, and other parts of the body, allowing for sensory perception, movement, and communication |
Hypothalamus |
Small region of the brain that plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature, hunger, thirst, sleep, and hormone secretion. |
Cerebellum |
Part of the brain responsible for coordinating voluntary muscle movements, maintaining posture, and balance |
Pineal Gland |
Small endocrine gland in the brain that produces melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles and circadian rhythms. |
Pituitary Gland |
Often called the “master gland” because it controls the activity of other endocrine glands in the body by producing and secreting various hormones |
Endocrine System
The endocrine system regulates various bodily functions through hormone secretion from glands such as the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands, maintaining homeostasis and influencing growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Thyroid |
A butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck that produces hormones essential for metabolism regulation. |
Adrenal Glands |
Two small glands located on top of each kidney that secrete hormones involved in stress response and metabolism |
Pancreas |
An organ located behind the stomach that produces insulin and digestive enzymes essential for glucose regulation and digestion. |
Pituitary Gland |
Often referred to as the “master gland,” it is located at the base of the brain and controls other endocrine glands, regulating growth and various bodily functions. |
Pineal Gland |
A small gland in the brain that produces melatonin, regulating sleep-wake cycles and influencing mood. |
Parathyroid Gland |
Four tiny glands located on the thyroid gland that regulate calcium levels in the body. |
Thymus Gland |
Located in the upper chest, it plays a crucial role in immune function, particularly during childhood |
Urinary System
The urinary system filters blood to remove waste products and excess substances, producing urine and maintaining fluid balance, electrolyte levels, and blood pressure through the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Kidneys |
Organs responsible for filtering waste products from the blood to form urine. |
Ureters |
Tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder. |
Bladder |
Elastic organ that stores urine until it is ready to be excreted from the body. |
Urethra |
Tube through which urine is expelled from the bladder out of the body. |
Reproductive System
The reproductive system enables reproduction through the production of gametes (sperm and eggs) and facilitates fertilization and gestation in males and females, essential for species survival
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Testes |
Male reproductive organs responsible for producing sperm and testosterone. |
Ovaries |
Female reproductive glands that produce eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone. |
Uterus |
Hollow muscular organ where fertilized eggs implant and develop during pregnancy. |
Penis |
Male organ involved in sexual intercourse and urination. |
Vagina |
Elastic muscular canal connecting the uterus to the external genitalia. |
Prostate |
Gland in males involved in producing seminal fluid to nourish and transport sperm. |
Seminal Vesicles |
Glands that produce a significant portion of the fluid that makes up semen. |
Fallopian Tubes |
Tubes connecting the ovaries to the uterus, where fertilization typically occurs |
Genitals |
Collective term for external reproductive organs. |
Vulva |
External female genitalia, including the labia and clitoris. |
Clitoris |
Highly sensitive female sexual organ involved in pleasure sensation. |
Cervix |
Lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina; it allows menstrual flow to exit and sperm to enter during intercourse |
Musculoskeletal System
The musculoskeletal system supports the body, enables movement, and protects internal organs through bones, muscles, and connective tissues, maintaining posture, stability, and locomotion
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Skeletal Muscles |
Responsible for voluntary movement and provide support to the body. |
Ligaments |
Connect bones to other bones, providing stability and preventing excessive movement. |
Tendons |
Attach muscles to bones, enabling movement and transmitting forces. |
Diaphragm |
A muscle separating the chest and abdomen, essential for breathing. |
Bones |
Provide structural support, protect internal organs, and facilitate movement. |
Bone Marrow |
A soft tissue within bones responsible for the production of blood cells. |
Joints |
Present where two or more bones meet, allowing movement and providing flexibility. |
Interstitium |
A network of fluid-filled spaces within tissues, playing a role in support and cushioning. |
Integumentary System
The integumentary system is the body’s outer covering, consisting of skin, hair, nails, and glands, providing protection against physical, chemical, and microbial damage and regulating temperature and hydration.
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Skin |
The body’s outer covering, providing protection and sensation. |
Hair Follicle |
Structures within the skin that produce hair. |
Nails |
Hard coverings at the ends of fingers and toes, protecting the fingertips and enhancing grip. |
Subcutaneous Tissue |
The layer of tissue beneath the skin, containing fat and connective tissue. |
Adipose Tissue |
Specialized fat tissue that stores energy and provides insulation. |
Lymphatic/Immune System
The lymphatic/immune system defends the body against pathogens, infections, and diseases through lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and immune cells like lymphocytes and antibodies, maintaining immune surveillance and homeostasis.
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Spleen |
Located in the abdomen that filters blood, stores red blood cells, and helps in immune function |
Lymph Nodes |
Small, bean-shaped structures that filter lymph fluid and help fight infection. |
Tonsils |
Clusters of lymphoid tissue at the back of the throat that help trap bacteria and viruses. |
Thymus Gland |
An organ in the chest that produces T cells, a type of white blood cell important for immunity. |
Lymphatic Vessels |
Tubes that carry lymph fluid, containing white blood cells, throughout the body’s lymphatic system. |
Sense Organs
Sensory organs help living things sense their surroundings. They include eyes for seeing, ears for hearing, nose for smelling, tongue for tasting, and skin for feeling touch and temperature.
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Eyes |
Detect light and convert it into electrochemical impulses interpreted by the brain for vision. |
Ears |
Responsible for hearing and balance, consisting of the outer ear, middle ear, and inner ear. |
Nose |
The primary organ of smell and also involved in the respiratory system, where it warms, moistens, and filters air. |
Tongue |
A muscular organ in the mouth responsible for taste sensation, chewing, and swallowing food. |
Accessory Organs
Accessory organs support the main functions of the body but are not directly involved in sensing or digesting food. The list of accessory organs is given below:
Organs |
Description |
---|---|
Salivary Glands |
Glands in the mouth that produce saliva, containing enzymes that begin the digestion process. |
Nasal Cavity |
The space inside the nose where air is warmed, moistened, and filtered before entering the respiratory system. |
Mammary Glands |
Glands in the breasts that produce milk for breastfeeding infants. |
Gall Bladder |
A small organ beneath the liver that stores bile produced by the liver and releases it into the small intestine to aid in digestion. |
Placenta |
Formed during pregnancy that provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus and removes waste products. |
What are the 78 Organs In the Human Body?
There are 78 Organs in the human body. An organ is a collection of tissues joined by an anatomical connection to form a functional structural unit. Most multicellular organisms, including humans, other animals, and plants, have organs. There are 2 types of organs in the human body – hollow organs (eg. rectum) which have space where substances pass through and solid organs (eg. pancreas) which lack internal cavities. In this article, we will study the 78 organs in the human body in brief.
Table of Content
- What are the 78 organs in the Human Body?
- List of 78 Organs in the Human Body Name
- Vital Organs
- Non-Vital Organs (Major Organs)
- Conclusion – 78 Organs In the Human Body
- FAQs on 78 Organs in the Human Body