Magnetic Moments in Paramagnetic Materials
Magnetic moments in materials occur due to the existence of unpaired electrons. In paramagnetic materials, the magnetic moments of individual atoms or ions do not align spontaneously in the absence of an external magnetic field. However, when an external magnetic field is applied, the magnetic moments tend to align with the field direction, leading to a net magnetization of the material.
Magnetic moments in paramagnetic materials can be described by the Langevin function, which relates the magnetic susceptibility (χ) of the material to the applied magnetic field (B) and temperature (T). The Langevin function is given by:
[Tex]M = \frac{N \cdot \mu^2 \cdot B}{3 \cdot k \cdot T} \cdot L(x)[/Tex]
where,
- M is the magnetization of the material,
- N is the number of magnetic moments per unit volume,
- μ is the magnetic moment of each magnetic moment,
- k is Boltzmann’s constant,
- T is the temperature in kelvin,
- L(x) is the Langevin function, which depends on the dimensionless parameter [Tex] x = \frac{\mu \cdot B}{k \cdot T}[/Tex]
Paramagnetism
Paramagnetism is a property where certain materials are weakly attracted to magnetic fields, exhibiting temporary alignment of magnetic moments. This article explores paramagnetism, a property where certain materials weakly respond to magnetic fields. It covers the basics, differences with diamagnetism, factors influencing paramagnetism, and everyday applications like MRI.
Table of Content
- What is Paramagnetism?
- Magnetic Moments in Paramagnetic Materials
- Curie Law
- Factors Influencing Paramagnetism
- Paramagnetism vs Diamagnetism
- Applications of Paramagnetism