Major Differences Between Mitochondria and Plastids
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Mitochondria |
Plastids |
Definition |
Mitochondria are organelles where the biochemical processes of respiration and energy production occur. | Plastids are double-membrane organelles found only in plants and algae, where the production and storage of chemicals take place inside the cell. |
Pigments |
Mitochondria have no pigments. | Many plastids contain pigments. |
Found In |
Mitochondria are found in plant and animal cells. | Plastids are only found in plant cells and algae. |
Membrane |
The inner mitochondrial membrane contains folds called cristae. | No folds are found in the inner membrane of the plastid. |
Chambers |
Entirely separate chambers are found in the matrix. | Plasmids do not have completely separate compartments in the matrix. |
Functions |
Mitochondria are mainly involved in the production of energy through cellular respiration. | Plastids are mainly involved in the production and storage of food in the cell. |
Structure |
The mitochondrial structure can change depending on the needs of the cell. | Leucoplasts, chromoplasts, and chloroplasts are the three types of plastids. |
DNA |
Mitochondria have their own DNA inside the organelle. | Only chloroplasts have their own DNA. |
Difference Between Mitochondria And Plastids
Mitochondria and plastids are two important organelles found in eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria and plastids are membranous organelles with fluid-filled sacs inside. The key difference between mitochondria and plastids is that mitochondria are involved in the energy production of cells through cellular respiration, while plastids perform various functions such as food storage and photosynthesis.