Major Iron and Steel Plants in India
Some major Iron and Steel industries are found in India. These are given below –
1. Tata Iron and Steel Company (TISCO)
It is the oldest steel plant in India. It was established in 1907 in Jamshedpur district of Jharkhand. Steel production was started in 1911 in this company. Hematite iron ore is obtained from the Naomundi mines of Jharkhand and Badampahar mines of Mayurbhanj, Odisha for this company. Acid steel for making railway wheels, high-grade steel, bars, bolts, steel casting, axles, and tinplates are produced in this company.
2. Indian Iron and Steel Company (IISCO)
Indian Iron and Steel Company (IISCO) is the merger form of the Indian Iron and Steel Company (1918) and the steel corporation of Bengal (1927). Indian Iron and steel company and the steel corporation of Bengal were merged together in 1952. IISCO has three separate steel plants which are situated at Kulti, Hirapur, and Burnpur in West Bengal. Iron ore is supplied from the Gua mines of Jharkhand and Mayurbhanj of Odisha to the IISCO. Coal is obtained from Ramnagar mines of Jharia district. IISCO obtains water and hydroelectricity from the Damodar River and Damodar valley corporation (DVC)) respectively.
3. Visveswaraya Iron and Steel Limited ( VISL)
Visveswaraya Iron and Steel plant was established in 1923 at Bhadravati in Karnataka, formerly it was known as Mysore Iron and Steel Limited. The central government took over the plant in 1962. Kudremukh and Baba Budan hills of Karnataka supplied high-grade iron ore to the plant. In the production of alloy and special steel, VISL takes a major role.
4. Durgapur Iron and Steel Plant
Durgapur iron and steel plant was set up during the second five-year plan in 1956 with the collaboration of Britain. It is located at Durgapur, Bardhaman district of West Bengal. In 1962, the production was started in this plant. Ingot steel is the main product of this plant. Singhbhum of Jharkhand and kendujhar mines of Odisha supplied iron ore, jharia, and Raniganj supplied coal, balaghat supplied manganese, and water is supplied from the Damodar River.
5. Bhilai Iron and Steel plant
With the collaboration of Russia, the Bhilai Iron and Steel plant was established in 1959 during the second five-year plan in the Durg district of Chattisgarh. Dalli-Rajhara mines supplied iron ore, and Korba Coalfield supplied coal to this plant. Pig iron and crude steel are produced in this plant.
6. Rourkela Iron and Steel plant
During the second five-year plan, Rourkela Iron and Steel plant was established in the collaboration with German govt in 1959 in the Sundargarh district of Odisha. Its main suppliers of raw materials are Mayurbhanj (iron ore), Bokaro and jharia coalfield ( coal), koel river (water), and Hirakud Dam(hydropower). Hot-rolled sheets, cold-rolled sheets, and electrical steel plates are produced here.
Iron and Steel Industry in India
The Iron and Steel Industry in India is one of the most important industries and as of January 2019, India has overtaken Japan as being the world’s second-largest producer of steel. The crude steel production in India is 106.5 tonnes.
Table of Content
- Iron And Steel Industry in India
- Structure of the Iron and Steel Industry in India
- Distribution of Iron and Steel Industry in India
- Major Iron and Steel Plants in India
- Mini Steel Plants
- Government Initiatives for the Iron and Steel Industry in India
- Significance of the Iron and Steel Industry in India