Methods of Preparations of Malic Acid

Various methods of preparation of Malic Acid are,

Reaction of Fumaric Acid with Sodium Hydroxide

The reaction of fumaric acid with sodium hydroxide refers to the chemical reaction where fumaric acid (C₄H₄O₄) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are combined to form malic acid (C₄H₆O₅) and sodium ions (Na⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH^–).

The overall equation for the reaction can be represented as

C₄H₄O₄ + 2 NaOH → C₄H₆O₅ + 2 Na⁺ + 2 OH^–

In this reaction, the fumaric acid molecule reacts with the sodium hydroxide to form a salt and a neutralized organic acid. The sodium ions and hydroxide ions form sodium hydroxide, which is a strong base commonly used in various industrial and laboratory processes.

Reaction of Sodium Bisulfite with Tartaric Acid

The reaction of sodium bisulfite with tartaric acid refers to the chemical reaction where sodium bisulfite (NaHSO₃) and tartaric acid (C₄H₆O₆) are combined to form malic acid (C₄H₆O₅) and sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄).

The overall equation for the reaction can be represented as

C₄H₆O₆ + NaHSO₃ → C₄H₆O₅ + Na₂SO₄ + H₂O

In this reaction, the sodium bisulfite acts as a reducing agent and reacts with the tartaric acid to form malic acid and sodium sulfate. The reaction is an example of a reducing esterification reaction, where the tartaric acid molecule is reduced and the sodium bisulfite is oxidized. The water (H2O) is produced as a byproduct of the reaction.

Malic acid is a naturally occurring organic acid found in many fruits and vegetables. It has a tart taste and is used as a food additive to enhance the flavour of certain products. In addition to its culinary use, malic acid is also used in skin care products and dietary supplements due to its potential health benefits, such as improved energy metabolism and reduced muscle fatigue.

• IUPAC name for malic acid is 2-hydroxy butane dioic acid.
• Chemical formula of malic acid is C₄H₆O₅

Let’s learn about Malic Acid its structure, properties and others in detail.