Pi Back bonding
Pi Back Bonding, or pi back donation, is a chemical phenomenon in which electrons move from an atomic orbital on one atom to an appropriate symmetry anti-bonding orbital on another atom or ligand.
This type of bonding occurs when one atom in a compound has a lone pair of electrons, and the other atom has vacant orbitals adjacent to it.
Characteristics of Pi-back Bonding
- It occurs between atoms in a compound when one atom has a lone pair of electrons and the other has a vacant orbital next to it.
- As a result, the bonding takes on a partial double-bond character.
- It is especially common in the organometallic chemistry of transition metals with multi-atomic ethylene or the nitrosonium cation.
- Sometimes, pi back bonding can also occur between a phosphorus atom and a transition-metal atom, with the phosphine ligand acting as a σ-donor and a π-acceptor.
Back Bonding
Back Bonding occurs between atoms where electrons jump from the atomic orbital to the anti-bonding orbital of the acceptor ligand. Back Bonding is also known as π-Back Bonding or Back Donation. It is a type of covalent bonding where electrons from a filled atomic orbital jump to an empty or partially filled atomic orbital.
In this article, we will learn what back Bonding is, its definition, characteristics, and Back Bonding in BF3 and Metal Carbonyls.
Table of Content
- What is Back Bonding?
- Characteristics of Back bonding
- Pi Back bonding
- Back Bonding in BF3
- Back Bonding in Metal Carbonyls
- Back Bonding vs Coordinate Bonding