Pioneer Species in Xerarch Succession
The first organisms that colonize on empty surfaces in arid area are known as pioneer species in xerarch succession. These pioneer species have certain traits.
- Drought Tolerance: Pioneer species have developed defenses against severe droughts such as water-saving techniques and the ability to resist intense heat.
- Fast Reproduction: These species can swiftly colonize and establish colonies in resilient habitats with little competition since they have high rates of reproduction.
- Shallow Root Systems: Pioneer plants can use unique root structures to obtain water trapped in stony soils, or they can have shallow root systems to take advantage of moisture close to the surface.
- Smaller height: A large number of pioneer plants have prostrate or low-growing forms that reduce water loss and wind exposure that desiccates them.
Xerarch Succession
Xerarch Succession is the natural process of plant succession in dry conditions. “Xero” signifies “Dry”. Xerarch succession example involves the colonization of plant communities on a barren sand dune, where pioneer species like lichens gradually give way to grasses, and eventually trees, establishing a stable climax community.
Xerarch succession goes through various stages including crustose lichen stage, moss stage, and others to finally reach the forest or climax stage. Xerarch succession is of two types – lithosere succession and Psammosere succession. In this article, we will learn about the xerarch succession, its types, and significance.
Table of Content
- What is Xerarch Succession?
- Xerarch Succession Types
- Xerarch Succession Diagram
- Pioneer Species in Xerarch Succession
- Intermediate Species of Xerarch Succession
- Climax Community of Xerarch Succession
- Xerarch Succession Stages