Pleural Cavity

Human Lungs

Human lungs are a muscular structure that is supported by the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles that drives the process of breathing. They are present in pairs; one on the left and one on the right side of the thoracic cavity. It along with the trachea comprises the lower respiratory tract and the duct system consisting of the nasal region, pharynx, and the larynx comprises the upper respiratory tract....

Human Lung Diagram

The labelled diagram of human lung is given below:...

Structure of the Lungs

The lungs are conical-shaped with an apex, three surfaces, three borders, and a base....

Anatomy of Lungs

The lungs are cone-shaped organs that are separated from each other by the heart and other structures present in the mediastinal region of the thoracic cavity. The right lung is slightly bigger and heavier than the left lung and it also provides space for the heart. Together both lungs weigh around 1.3 kg and the right one is slightly heavier than the left one. The trachea or the windpipe branches form the right and left bronchi that enter the lungs along with the blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves through the hilum region. Inside the lung are the branches of bronchi called the bronchioles that end into the alveoli in which the exchange of gases takes place. The lungs are covered by two layers of protective covering called the pleura which have fluid in between them. The left lung has the cardiac notch in which the heart is placed....

Pleura

The lungs are covered by a protective covering of the pleura that consists of:...

Pleural Cavity

The pleural cavity is a thin, fluid-filled space located between the two layers of pleura. Its primary function is to provide lubrication and reduce friction during breathing movements. This cavity plays a crucial role in maintaining the shape and position of the lungs within the thoracic cavity. Additionally, it creates a pressure gradient that allows the lungs to expand and contract efficiently during respiration. Any disruption or accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity can lead to conditions such as pleural effusion or pneumothorax, affecting breathing and lung function....

Lobes and Fissures of the Lungs

Both lungs do not have an equal number of lobes. The right lung has three lobes namely superior, middle, and inferior lobes that are separated from each other by an oblique fissure and a horizontal fissure. The left lungs have only two lobes namely superior and inferior lobes separated by the oblique fissure....

Root and Hilum

The root of the lungs is the collection of the bronchi, arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels, etc. that enters or leaves the lungs through the opening called the hilum....

Bronchial Tree

The bronchial tree is a branching network of airways within the human lungs responsible for transporting air to and from the alveoli. It begins with the trachea, which divides into two primary bronchi, one entering each lung. These bronchi then divide further into smaller bronchi and bronchioles, ultimately leading to the alveoli where gas exchange occurs. The bronchial tree is lined with ciliated epithelial cells and mucus-producing glands, which help to trap and remove foreign particles and pathogens from the airways. This intricate structure ensures efficient oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal during respiration....

Alveoli

Alveoli also called the air sac that is the region for the exchange of gases....

Difference Between Right and Left Lungs

Following is the table for the differences between the right and the left lungs...

Blood Circulation of Lungs

Blood travels in and out of the lungs through pulmonary and bronchial circulation....

Diseases of Lungs

Some of the diseases that affect the lungs are mentioned below:...

Conclusion – Anatomy of Human Lung

In conclusion, the anatomy of the human lung is vital for understanding respiratory function and gas exchange. Lungs, located in the thoracic cavity, serve as the primary organs of the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. This system includes alveoli for gas exchange and pleura for protection. Additionally, the bronchial tree ensures efficient air transportation, while differences between the right and left lungs contribute to their unique functions. Exploring lung anatomy provides insights into respiratory health and diseases, highlighting the importance of proper lung function for overall well-being....

FAQs on Human Lung Anatomy

What is the Anatomy of the Lungs?...