Properties of Microwaves
- It is the wave that radiates electromagnetic energy with a shorter wavelength.
- Microwave links consist of a Transmitting station (Tx), a Relay station or Repeaters (RPT), and a Receiving station (Rx).
- Microwaves travel in straight lines, so stations should be aligned to each other.
- Microwave links require clear LOS (line of sight ), so antennas are installed high up to avoid the interference of obstacles in their path.
- They do not pass through buildings, thus reducing the efficiency of inside receivers.
- They are unidirectional and allow multiple receivers.
- Receivers are added to boost the power of the signal so that it can travel a longer distance.
- They are also refracted by atmospheric layers thus refracted rays take more time to reach the destination than direct rays.
Microwave Transmission
Microwave is a part of the electromagnetic Spectrum. Their frequency ranges from 300 MHz to 300 GHz, which corresponds to wavelengths of 1 mm to 30 cm. Sending and receiving information by microwaves is known as Microwave Transmission. Microwaves come under Unguided or wireless transmission media.
The repeaters form a network known as a microwave relay network. But these systems are used only in special roles as they are very expensive. These technologies such as wireless networks, and broadcast satellites broadcast television and radio directly into consumers’ houses. Microwaves can also be used for wireless power transmission.