Protein-Energy Malnutrition Symptoms
The common symptoms of Protein-Energy Malnutrition are:
- Edema: Swelling, particularly in the feet and ankles, due to fluid retention.
- Muscle Wasting: Loss of muscle mass, leading to weakness and fatigue.
- Weight Loss: Unintentional weight loss, often accompanied by a thin or emaciated appearance.
- Fatigue: Increased tiredness and lethargy.
- Growth Impairment: Stunted growth and development, particularly in children.
- Hair and Skin Changes: Dry, brittle hair and skin problems such as dermatitis.
- Enlarged Liver: Hepatomegaly, a symptom of fatty liver disease.
- Loss of Appetite: Reduced or absent desire to eat.
- Irritability: Increased irritability and changes in mood.
Protein Energy Malnutrition – Definition and Classification of PEM
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a condition resulting from inadequate intake of protein and calories, leading to severe health issues such as stunted growth, weakened immunity, and muscle wasting. Understanding protein-energy malnutrition causes and protein-energy malnutrition types helps in developing effective prevention and treatment strategies to combat malnutrition.
In this article, we will cover Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) classification, causes, symptoms, prevention, and management in detail.
Table of Content
- Protein-Energy Malnutrition (PEM) Meaning
- Protein-Energy Malnutrition Causes
- Protein-Energy Malnutrition Classification
- Primary Protein-Energy Malnutrition
- Kwashiorkor Disease
- Marasmus
- Secondary Protein-Energy Malnutrition
- Kwashiorkor Vs Marasmus
- Diagnosis of Protein-Energy Undernutrition
- Treatment of Protein-Energy Undernutrition