Solubility Product Constant
Solubility Product Constant (Ksp) explains how sparingly soluble compounds behave in solution. Let’s understand more about Ksp and its significance.
Imagine you have a jar of water with some sugar crystals at the bottom. As you stir the water, the sugar dissolves until a point where no more sugar can dissolve, leaving some undissolved crystals at the bottom. This point is known as saturation. Similarly, when a sparingly soluble compound, like silver chloride (AgCl), is added to water, it reaches a point where no more solid compound can dissolve, leading to a saturated solution. The equilibrium established between the dissolved ions and the undissolved solid is defined by the Solubility Product Constant, or Ksp.
Value of Solubility Product Constant for Various Substances:
Ksp vary for different compounds, for instance, Ksp for calcium sulfate (CaSO4) is different from that of silver iodide (AgI). These values are experimentally determined and help predict the solubility behavior of compounds. Following Table Shows Values of Solubility Product Constant at 25 degrees Celsius with their solubility behavior.
Compound |
Chemical Formula |
Ksp Value at 25°C |
Solubility Behavior |
---|---|---|---|
Silver Sulfide |
Ag2S |
6×10-51 |
Very low solubility (insoluble) in water |
Silver Chloride |
AgCl |
1.77 × 10−10 |
Sparingly soluble; forms a white precipitate in solution |
Calcium Sulfate |
CaSO4 |
9.1 × 10−6 |
Moderately soluble; common mineral in nature |
Lead Iodide |
PbI2 |
7.9 × 10−9 |
Sparingly soluble; yellow precipitate in solution |
Barium Carbonate |
BaCO3 |
5.1 × 10−9 |
Sparingly soluble; forms a white precipitate in aqueous solutions |
Silver Nitrate |
AgNO3 |
1.77 × 10-5 |
Highly soluble; dissociates completely in water |
Solubility Product – Definition, Formula, Significance
Solubility Product Constant, denoted as Ksp is an equilibrium constant which quantifies how much of a solute substance can dissolve in water. Solubility Product (Ksp) aims to explain the maximum amount of substances (solutes) that can dissolve in water (solvents) at a given temperature. it depends on the temperature, its value increases with the increase in temperature, which increases solubility. This article aims to learn Ksp, exploring its principles, formulas, constants, and practical applications.
Table of Content
- What is Solubility Product?
- Formula for Solubility Product
- Solubility Product Constant
- How to Calculate Solubility Product Constant?
- Solubility Product and Ionic Product
- Significance of the Solubility Product: