Stages of Indian Communalism
Rise of Nationalist
The first stage involved the rise of nationalist Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, etc; the roots of which were laid down in the late 19th century with Hindu revivalist movements like the Shuddhi movement of Arya Samaj, and Cow Protection riots. For Muslims, movements like Faraizi to bring the Bengali Muslims back to the path of the truth of Islam, are some of the movements.
Liberal Communalism
The second stage is referred to as liberal communalism, which believes in communal politics but is liberal in the case of democratic, humanist, and also nationalist values and was mostly before 1937. Like, Hindu Mahasabha and Muslim League are a few examples.
Extreme Communalism
This was the final stage of communalism and demand for a separate nation, which was based on the ideals of fear and hatred and the tendency to use violence in language as well as deeds. Like Hindu Mahasabha and Muslim League after 1937.
Communalism in India
Communalism is a social and political ideology that emphasizes the division between states based on religion, ethnicity, beliefs, etc. In general, historical events like conflicts within communities and religious divisions are the cause. Communalism is a significant social problem in nations like Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and India.
Communalism in India is an essential part of Indian history and has existed much before independence. It came to emerge more aggressively with modern politics which was aggravated by British colonialism and imperialism. There are different instances of communalism, which was used for gaining political advantage as well as creating communal unrest.
Table of Content
- What is Communalism?
- Types of Communalism
- Evolution of Communalism in India
- Factors for the Growth of Communalism in India
- Stages of Indian Communalism
- Why Communalism still persists in India?
- Communal Violence in India
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Communalism