Supreme Court of India
According to the Indian Constitution, the Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial court in India and the ultimate court of appeal. It is also the highest constitutional court with judicial review authority. The first Supreme Court was established in Calcutta as a superior court, and the first Chief Justice, Sir Elijah Impey, was appointed. The court was formed to settle disputes in Bengal, Orissa, and Patna. As a result, King George III founded the other two Supreme Courts in Bombay and Madras in 1800 and 1834, respectively.
The Supreme Court is our country’s highest appeals court. The people of India are announcing justice with its establishment. It requires safeguarding the fundamental rights of the Citizens and also settles disputes between various government authorities as well between different levels of the government in the country. The Supreme Court’s authority is to provide a proper hearing in cases involving the Indian Constitution. This court can also override the legislature in the favour of basic structures of the Indian Constitution.
Law which is declared by the Supreme Court is binding for all the courts present at all levels within India and also for Union and State Governments. As per, Article 142 of the Indian Constitution, it is the duty of the President of India to enforce decrees of the Supreme Court, and the court is conferred with inherent jurisdiction.
Powers and Functions of Supreme Court
The highest judicial court of India is the Supreme Court of India and is also the final court of appeal in the country. It is the most senior constitutional court and also has the final decision to make when it comes to all legal matters except in the case of personal laws and interstate river disputes, and the power of judicial review also lies with them.
Table of Content
- Supreme Court of India
- History of Supreme Court
- Significance of Supreme Court of India
- Functions of the Supreme Court
- Composition of Supreme Court
- Powers of the Supreme Court
- Judicial Independence
The Chief Justice of India is the Head and also Chief Judge of the Supreme Court, which includes a maximum of around 34 judges, and has enormous powers in terms and form of original, advisory, and appellate jurisdictions. On, November 9, 2022, Justice D.Y.Chandrachud took oath as the 50th Chief Justice of India.
Established |
1 October 1937 ( as Federal Court of India) 28 January 1950 (as Supreme Court of India) |
Location | Tilak Marg, New Delhi |
Motto | Yato Dharmastato Jayah |
Composition Method | Collegium of Supreme Court of India |
Authorized by | Constitution of India |
Judge termed Length | Mandatory retirement at 65 years of age |
Chief Justice of India | D.Y.Chandrachud |