The Emergence of Nationalism
In India, the notion of nationalism encompassed all people, irrespective of their social status, ethnicity, religion, language, or gender, as well as the collective resources and systems of the nation. However, British colonial rule exerted control over India’s resources and the lives of its inhabitants.
This awareness became increasingly articulated through political associations formed post-1850, notably in the 1870s and 1880s. Key organizations included the Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, the Indian Association, the Madras Mahajan Sabha, the Bombay Presidency Association, and the Indian National Congress.
Operating regionally, these associations championed the aspirations of the entire Indian populace, advocating for self-determination in national affairs. In 1878, the Arms Act prohibited Indians from possessing firearms, while the Vernacular Press Act aimed to stifle dissent by enabling the government to seize assets of critical newspapers.
The introduction of the Ilbert Bill in 1883 sought to allow the trial of British or European individuals by Indian judges, advocating for judicial equality.
The Indian National Congress, established in December 1885, included early leaders such as Dadabhai Naoroji, Pherozeshah Mehta, Badruddin Tyabji, W.C. Bonnerji, Surendranath Banerji, Romesh Chandra Dutt, and S. Subramania Iyer, primarily from Bombay and Calcutta.
Chapter 9: The Making of the National Movement: 1870s-1947| Class 8 History Notes
The Indian National Movement played a pivotal role in securing the country’s independence. It began in 1947 and evolved over several years before achieving success. Various factors contributed to the genesis of this movement, including the rise of nationalism, events like the Rowlatt Satyagraha, the proliferation of mass nationalism, and the Quit India movement.
In crafting these CBSE Class 8 History notes for Chapter 9 – “The Making of the National Movement: 1870s-1947,” we have comprehensively addressed all key topics covered in the chapter.
Chapter 9: The Making of the National Movement: 1870s-1947| Class 8 History Notes