Types of AC Circuit
There are different types of AC circuits. Let us take a look at them.
Purely Resistive
This circuit is categorized by low inductance which reduces the overall reactance in comparison to the resistance of the circuit. The resistance is then used to regulate the current flowing in the circuit. Since the inductance is almost negligible, we can call it a non-inductive circuit whose frequency doesn’t change with changing frequency. This is what the purely resistive circuit looks like.
V=Vmsin(ωt) ∴ I=V/R ∴ I=Vmsin(ωt) /R
Resistor-Inductor Circuit
A resistor-inductor circuit is a type of circuit that has a resistor R and a pure inductor of value L. These can be connected in series with an AC power source. In this circuit, a magnetic field is established in the inductor due to the current flowing in the circuit. The current is periodic and has a time constant known as the inductive time constant. Let us take a look at the Resistive-inductive circuit.
I= V/R where V=Vmsin(ωt) and R= √R2+XL2 where XL=jωL
Resistor-Capacitor Circuit
A resistor-capacitor circuit is a type of circuit that has a resistor R and a pure capacitor of value C. These can be connected in series with an AC power source. In this circuit, an electric field is established in the capacitor due to the charge collected in the capacitor. The current grows or decays exponentially and has a time constant known as the capacitive time constant. Let us take a look at the Resistive-capacitive circuit.
I= V/R where V=Vmsin(ωt) and R= √R2+Xc2 where Xc=1 /jωC
Resistor Inductor Capacitor circuit
An RLC circuit consists of a resistor, inductor, and a capacitor connected in a series of parallel. The impedance of the inductor and capacitor are frequency dependent, therefore, the output of the series RLC circuit varies with a change in the frequency of the circuit. Therefore, the voltage and current in this circuit exist in phases. Let us take a look at the RLC circuit and the impedance of such a circuit.
I= V/R where V=Vmsin(ωt) and R= √R2+(XL-Xc)2 where XL=jωL and Xc=1/jωC
AC Circuits
Electronics engineering involves the use of different circuits each of which is used for various purposes. One such type of circuit is an alternating current circuit, which forms an integral part of the communication system. In this article, we will study what is an AC circuit and what is the categorization of AC circuits.
We will also study the principle of operation of AC circuits and the components that make up these circuits. We will look at some real-life applications of AC circuits to understand their advantages and disadvantages. We will emphasize the difference between AC and DC circuits as well. The article will conclude with some frequently asked questions.
Table of Content
- AC Circuits
- AC Circuit Formulas
- Types of AC Circuit
- Working principle
- Construction
- AC Vs DC Circuits
- Applications of AC Circuits