Types of Paramagnetic Materials

There are two types of Paramagnetic Materials

• Intrinsic Paramagnet
• Extrinsic Paramagnet

Intrinsic Paramagnets

The paramagnetic properties of intrinsic paramagnetic materials result from the presence of unpaired electrons in their atomic or molecular orbitals. Examples of intrinsic paramagnets include some transition metal ions, such as Fe³⁺ and Cr³⁺, and free radicals.

Examples of Intrinsic Paramagnetic Materials are Iron(III) Ion, Chromium(III) Ion, Oxygen Molecule.

Extrinsic Paramagnets

Extrinsic Paramagnetic Materials acquire paramagnetic properties due to impurities or defects in non-magnetic materials. Impurities introduce unpaired electrons into the material, causing paramagnetic behavior.

Examples include Ruby (Aluminum Oxide with Chromium Impurities), Copper Sulfate (CuSO4) with Unpaired Electrons, Doped Silicon with Phosphorus Impurities.

Paramagnetic Materials are those materials that get weakly magnetized when exposed to the external magnetic field. The spin of the paramagnetic materials are randomly oriented and they get arranged in the direction of the external magnetic field. They lose their magnetic properties when the external magnetic field is removed. Paramagnetic Materials are important in the field of material science as they are used for various applications

In this article, we will learn about Paramagnetic Materials, their properties, examples, applications, and how they are different from Diamagnetic Materials and Ferromagnetic Materials.