Vitamins and Their Functions, Sources, and Deficiency Chart
Vitamins come in several forms, which are covered below:
Vitamins |
Solubility |
Sources |
Role |
Deficiency |
---|---|---|---|---|
Vitamin A |
Fat Soluble |
Liver, eggs, whole milk, and butter. |
Maintain vision, skin, myelin, and growth. |
Dry skin, eye issues, hindered development, and night blindness. |
Vitamin B1 |
Water soluble |
Yeast, milk, green vegetables, pork. |
Energy production, nerve activity |
|
Vitamin B2 |
Water soluble |
Soybean, egg white |
Fetus development |
Cheilosis |
Vitamin B3 |
Water soluble |
Green leafy vegetables, cereals |
Maintain NAD, NADP, and lipid catabolism. |
Pellagra |
Vitamin B5 |
Water soluble |
Mushroom, sunflower oil |
Carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. |
Inadequate growth |
Vitamin B6 |
Water soluble |
Meat, milk, cereals |
Carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. |
Convulsions |
Vitamin B7 |
Water soluble |
Grains, milk, egg yolk |
Biosynthesis of aspartic acid and unsaturated fatty acids. Maintain health of skin, hair, bone marrow. |
Depression, muscle pain, hair loss. |
Vitamin B9 |
Water soluble |
Egg, beet root, meat |
Nucleic acid synthesis, differentiation of embryonic nervous system. |
Megaloblastic anaemia |
Vitamin B12 |
Water soluble |
Fish, egg, meat |
Maintain epithelial cells. Synthesis of nucleic acid, protein, and lipid. |
Pernicious anemia |
Vitamin C |
Water soluble |
Citrus fruits |
Iron absorption, Antioxidant. |
Scurvy |
Vitamin D |
Fat soluble |
Fish liver oil, sunlight |
Calcium and Phosphorus absorption, maintain calcium and phosphorus level in serum. |
Rickets |
Vitamin E |
Fat soluble |
Oils of cotton seed, sunflower, wheat grain |
Antioxidant, muscular metabolism. |
Muscular dystrophy, cystic fibrosis. |
Vitamin K |
Fat soluble |
Soybean oil, tomato, green leafy vegetables |
Blood clotting, synthesis of prothrombin. |
Hemorrhagic diseases |
Vitamins And Minerals
Vitamins and minerals are important micronutrients needed in small amounts to maintain the normal health of an organism. Vitamins and Minerals do not directly supply energy but play vital roles in metabolic processes and energy extraction from macronutrients. They act as coenzymes and cofactors in metabolic processes. Minerals can not be synthesized by the human body and hence must be taken from dietary sources for metabolic functions. In this article, we will cover vitamins and minerals, their types, and sources.
Table of Content
- What are Vitamins?
- Types of Vitamins
- Fat Soluble
- Vitamins and Their Functions, Sources, and Deficiency Chart
- What are Minerals?
- What are the Sources and Functions of Minerals?
- Difference Between Vitamins and Minerals
- Conclusion – Vitamins And Minerals
- FAQs on Vitamins and Minerals